Nephrology
Nephrology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of kidney-related diseases and conditions. Nephrologists, the doctors who specialize in this field, manage various disorders affecting kidney function, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), acute kidney injury, glomerulonephritis, and kidney infections. They also oversee conditions that affect kidney health indirectly, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes, which can lead to kidney damage over time.
A major area of nephrology is the management of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), where the kidneys can no longer function effectively on their own. Nephrologists coordinate treatments such as dialysis, which helps filter waste from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to, and they also manage kidney transplant patients, ensuring the organ functions properly after transplantation.
In addition to treating kidney diseases, nephrologists focus on preventing kidney damage through lifestyle modifications, medication management, and monitoring of risk factors. They play a critical role in slowing the progression of kidney disease, reducing complications, and improving the quality of life for patients with kidney-related conditions.