Medical Oncology
Medical oncology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cancer using non-surgical methods. Medical oncologists are responsible for designing and administering treatment plans that often involve chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone therapy to combat various types of cancer. They work closely with radiation oncologists, surgical oncologists, and other specialists to provide comprehensive care tailored to each patient's specific cancer type and stage.
A key focus of medical oncology is chemotherapy, where powerful drugs are used to kill cancer cells or prevent them from growing. Immunotherapy harnesses the body’s immune system to target cancer cells, while targeted therapies focus on specific molecular abnormalities within cancer cells. Hormone therapy is used for cancers that are hormone-sensitive, such as certain types of breast and prostate cancer.
In addition to treatment, medical oncologists monitor patients throughout their cancer journey, managing side effects, adjusting treatment plans, and providing supportive care to enhance quality of life. They also play a vital role in cancer prevention and early detection, as well as in palliative care for patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. Through a personalized and multidisciplinary approach, medical oncologists aim to prolong survival, achieve remission, and offer the best possible outcomes for cancer patients.